Atish Dabholkar received his PhD in theoretical physics from Princeton University under the supervision of Jeffrey Harvey. He did his Masters in Physics from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur.
Dabholkar is the recipient of the 2006 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, the highest Indian science prize awarded by the Prime Minister of India. He was awarded the Chaire d'Excellence of the Agence Nationale de la Recherche in France in 2007.
He is an elected Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for the advancement of science in developing countries.
Dabholkar was the Head of ICTP's High Energy, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics section prior to taking up the directorship. He has been Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Directeur de Recherche of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) at Sorbonne Université and a Visiting Professor at Stanford University and CERN. He was a post-doctoral associate at Rutgers University and Harvard University, and a senior research fellow at California Institute of Technology.